Impacts of Vocal Rehearsal and Retention Duration on Novel Word Naming in Children with Specific Language Impairment / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To explore impacts of vocal rehearsal and retention duration on novel word naming in children with specific language impairment (SLI). Methods:November to December, 2017, 45 children from kindergartens were selected in SLI group (n = 15), physiological age matching group (n = 15) and language ability matching group (n = 15). A three-factor mixed experimental design was used to investigate the effects of three factors: groups, vocal rehearsal (with/without) and retention duration (ten seconds/five minutes). Results:The main effects of groups (F = 3.706, P < 0.05), vocal rehearsal (F = 25.570, P < 0.001) and retention duration (F = 226.746, P < 0.001) were significant. The interaction effects of vocal rehearsal×retention duration (F = 22.808, P < 0.001) and retention duration×groups (F = 3.739, P < 0.05) were significant. The interaction effects between other factors were not significant. Conclusion:There are novel word naming learning defects in SLI children. However, the vocal rehearsal strategy may promote novel word naming learning and reduce the decline of novel word phonological information in short-term memory, to improve the phenomenon of novel word naming defects.

The Changes of Macular Microvasculature and Related Systemic Parameters in Diabetic Patients without Diabetic Retinopathy

PURPOSE: To investigate the systemic parameters related to changes in the retinal microvasculature using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy. All patients showed normal fundus on dilated fundus examinations. OCTA (DRI OCT Triton, Topcon Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) was performed on a 3 × 3 mm area centered at the fovea. The foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area and vascular density (VD) of the superficial and deep capillary plexus (SCP/DCP) were measured. Multiple regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the relationship between microvascular indexes on OCTA and systemic parameters including sex, age, duration of diabetes mellitus (DM), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total cholesterol, presence of hypertension (HTN) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP). RESULTS: A total of 35 eyes of 35 patients were included in this study. The mean age was 55.7 ± 11.6 years, the mean duration of DM was 52.4 ± 88.7 months and the mean HbA1c was 8.8 ± 2.3%. The FAZ area of the DCP increased significantly as the HbA1c level increased (p 0.05). No systemic parameters exhibited significant relationships with VD in either the SCP or the DCP (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The FAZ area of the DCP detected via OCTA increased as the level of HbA1c increased, although the patients did not show diabetic retinopathy on dilated fundus examinations. Therefore, clinicians should consider this when screening diabetic patients for diabetic retinopathy.

Internal Lens Signal Measured by Dual Scheimpflug Anterior Segment Analyzer

PURPOSE: To investigate the clinical significance of the internal lens signal measured using dual Scheimpflug anterior segment analyzer (Galilei(TM), Ziemer, Switzerland) in patients receiving cataract surgery. METHODS: The present study included 151 eyes of 148 patients who received surgery for senile cataracts from February 2012 to January 2013. Preoperative internal lens signals were measured preoperatively. The depth of anterior chamber and anterior angles were measured using dual Scheimpflug anterior segment analyzer preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively. Preoperative and postoperative best-corrected visual acuities (BCVAs) were measured. The relationships between preoperative internal lens signal and the changes in BCVA or anterior angles were evaluated. RESULTS: Internal lens signal and preoperative BCVA (log MAR) or preoperative anterior chamber depth were highly correlated (r = 0.287, p = 0.001 and r = -0.271, p = 0.004, respectively). Anterior angles increased 1 month after surgery compared with the preoperative values (p < 0.001). The amount of change between preoperative and postoperative anterior angles correlated with preoperative anterior angles (p < 0.001). However, no statistically significant correlation was observed between internal lens signal and preoperative anterior angles or postoperative BCVA. Internal lens signal correlated with changes in postoperative anterior angles (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Internal lens signal correlated with preoperative visual acuity and may help evaluate the cataract severity quantitatively and objectively. Internal lens signal may aid in understanding the structure of anterior segments by predicting the lens volume. Knowing the effect of visual impairment due to cataracts and predicting visual improvement after cataract surgery is necessary.

Separation of the Tip of a Coblation Wand within the Knee Joint: A Complication of Arthroscopic Adhesiolysis

Coblation devices are now widely used in arthroscopic surgery and they show a very low incidence of intraoperative complications. We experienced a case where the tip of the wand separated and migrated into the posterior knee compartment in an arthrofibrotic knee. The free wand tip was identified and then extricated from the popliteal hiatus of the knee with using C-arm fluoroscopic control. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of its kind involving coblation wands. We describe this complication to show that the use of coblation devices can lead to unexpected problems and it is imperative to inspect all instruments before and after each surgical use.

Photodynamic Therapy for Choroidal Neovascularization caused by Age-related Macular Degeneration (AMD)

PURPOSE: To evaluate the short-term results of photodynamic therapy with verteporfin for the patients with subfoveal CNV caused by age-related macular degeneration. METHODS: We performed photodynamic therapy with verteporfin in 21 patients (21 eyes) who were diagnosed as subfoveal CNV in AMD. The range of age was from 54 to 81, and 67 on average. Male patients were fifteen and female patients were six. The pretreatment visual acuity by ETDRS chart was from 20/200 to 20/32. On FAG, predominantly classic type were sixteen eyes, minimally classic type were four eyes, and no classic type was one eye. We followed up at 3 months intervals after treatment. The follow-up period was ranged from 3 months to 15 months, 6.8 months on average. We performed retreatment with the same method when any leakage was found on FAG performed every 3 months. RESULTS: One month after treatment, mean visual acuity change increased by 0.6 lines. Three months after treatment, mean visual acuity change increased by 0.8 lines. Six months after treatment, mean visual acuity change increased by 1.5 lines. Nine months after treatment, mean visual acuity change increased by 1.1 lines. On FAG, eight eyes showed minimal leakage, twelve eyes showed moderate leakage and only one eye showed progression after 3 months. Out of thirteen eyes which could be followed up more than 6 months, nine eyes showed minimal leakage, three eyes moderate leakage and only one eye progression. Out of nine eyes which could be followed up more than 9 months, five eyes showed minimal leakage, three eyes moderate leakage and only one eye progression. CONCLUSIONS: The above results indicate that the short-term results of photodynamic therapy for subfoveal CNV caused by AMD were encouraging as a good treatment modality to reduce the risk of visual loss. Further study with longer follow-up, a large number of cases and control study will be necessary to decide the effect of photodynamic therapy.

A Cases of Osteoma of The Ethmoid Sinus Presenting Exophthalmos

Osteoma of the paranasal sinus is benign tumor, and it is mostly located in frontal and ethmoid sinus, produces symptoms of headache, nasal obstruction and ocular complication of exophthalmos, ocular pain, restricted ocular motility, and diplopia. Recently the authors have experienced one case of osteoma of ethmoidal sinus which could be removed by external ethmoidectomy.

Vascular Pedicle Rib Graft for the Anterior Interbody Fusion of the Spine / 대한정형외과학회잡지

No abstract available in English.